### Lesson Plan: Simple Addition and Subtraction
#### Grade Level: Reception
#### Duration: 45 minutes
#### Topic: Simple Addition and Subtraction
#### Objective:
- Students will learn the basic concepts of addition and subtraction.
- Students will be able to perform simple addition and subtraction using numbers up to 10.
- Students will understand and use the vocabulary associated with addition and subtraction (e.g., add, subtract, equals, more, less).
#### Materials Needed:
- Number flashcards (1-10)
- Small counting objects (e.g., buttons, blocks, counters)
- Whiteboard and markers
- Worksheets with addition and subtraction problems
- Visual aids (e.g., number line)
#### Lesson Outline:
**1. Introduction (5 minutes)**
- Greet the students and introduce the topic of the lesson: "Today, we are going to learn about adding and taking away numbers."
- Show the number flashcards and count together from 1 to 10 to refresh number recognition.
**2. Whole Group Instruction (10 minutes)**
- **Addition:**
- Use counting objects to demonstrate an addition problem. E.g., "If we have 2 buttons and we add 3 more buttons, how many buttons do we have in total?"
- Show the equation on the whiteboard: 2 + 3 = 5.
- Emphasise the vocabulary: "Add" means to bring more, and "equals" means the total.
- **Subtraction:**
- Use counting objects to demonstrate a subtraction problem. E.g., "If we have 5 buttons and we take away 2 buttons, how many buttons are left?"
- Show the equation on the whiteboard: 5 - 2 = 3.
- Emphasise the vocabulary: "Subtract" means to take away, and "equals" means what is left.
**3. Guided Practice (10 minutes)**
- Hand out small counting objects to each student.
- Give simple addition and subtraction problems for the students to solve with their counting objects. E.g., "Can you show me 4 + 2 using your counters? Now, can you show me 6 - 1?"
- Walk around and assist where needed. Reinforce the use of mathematical vocabulary.
**4. Independent Activity (10 minutes)**
- Provide each student with a worksheet containing simple addition and subtraction problems (numbers up to 10).
- Instruct students to use their counting objects to help solve the problems if they need to.
**5. Review and Closure (5 minutes)**
- Gather the students on the carpet and review a few problems from the worksheet as a group.
- Ask questions about the problems: "How did we solve 3 + 2? What does subtract mean again?"
- Praise their hard work and encourage them to practise adding and taking away numbers at home with their parents.
**6. Extension (for Early Finishers)**
- Provide extra worksheets with slightly more challenging problems or encourage them to create their own addition and subtraction stories.
**Assessment:**
- Observe students during guided practice to see if they understand the concepts of addition and subtraction.
- Review completed worksheets to assess individual understanding.
- Ask questions during the review to gauge comprehension and correct any misunderstandings.
### Notes for Teachers:
- Be patient and provide lots of positive reinforcement.
- Use a variety of examples to ensure all students grasp the concepts.
- Adapt the pace of the lesson based on the students’ responses and engagement.